FURIN

This gene encodes a member of the subtilisin-like proprotein convertase family, which includes proteases that process protein and peptide precursors trafficking through regulated or constitutive branches of the secretory pathway. It encodes a type 1 membrane bound protease that is expressed in many tissues, including neuroendocrine, liver, gut, and brain. The encoded protein undergoes an initial autocatalytic processing event in the ER and then sorts to the trans-Golgi network through endosomes where a second autocatalytic event takes place and the catalytic activity is acquired. Like other members of this convertase family, the product of this gene specifically cleaves substrates at single or paired basic residues. Some of its substrates include proparathyroid hormone, transforming growth factor beta 1 precursor, proalbumin, pro-beta-secretase, membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase, beta subunit of pro-nerve growth factor and von Willebrand factor. It is thought to be one of the proteases responsible for the activation of HIV envelope glycoproteins gp160 and gp140, and may play a role in tumor progression. Unlike SARS-CoV and other coronaviruses, the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is thought to be uniquely cleaved by this protease. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

Description

Furin, paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme

Tissue specificity

Tissue enhanced (liver, salivary gland)

Subcell location

Nucleoplasm, Golgi apparatus

Predicted location

Membrane

Protein family

Enzymes
Mapped to neXtProt
Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT
Plasma proteins
Predicted membrane proteins
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)

Chromosome

15 (90868588 - 90883564)

Ensembl ID

ENSG00000140564  (ver. 103.38)

Orthologs

Mouse Furin: ENSMUSG00000030530

UniProt

P09958

neXtProt

NX_P09958

Human splice variants
Mouse splice variants

Protein structure