11037-2-AP

antibody from Proteintech Group

Targeting: GLUL GLNS

Provider product page for 11037-2-AP

Western blot

ELISA

Immunocytochemistry

Immunohistochemistry

Flow cytometry

Antibody data

Antibody Data
Antigen structure
References [55]
Comments [0]
Validations
Western blot [1]
Immunohistochemistry [1]

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Product number: 11037-2-AP - Provider product page
Provider: Proteintech Group
Proper citation: Proteintech Cat#11037-2-AP, RRID:AB_2110650
Product name: Glutamine Synthetase antibody
Antibody type: Polyclonal
Description: KD/KO validated Glutamine Synthetase antibody (Cat. #11037-2-AP) is a rabbit polyclonal antibody that shows reactivity with human, mouse, rat and has been validated for the following applications: FC, IF, IHC, WB,ELISA.
Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Host: Rabbit
Conjugate: Unconjugated
Isotype: IgG
Vial size: 20ul, 150ul

GLUL protein structure - 11037-2-AP shown in red.

Submitted references The Glutamine Metabolic Switch Influences the Response of Neonatal Intestinal Macrophages to Breast Milk.

Han X, Hou Y, Chen T, Jia Z, Yuan F, Wang M, Su Y, Yan R, Wang X, Jin W, Zhou Y, Li Y, Zhang L
Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology 2026;20(3):101683

Enhanced proliferation tracer reveals Dorsal-Ventral asymmetry in tracheal epithelial Renewal.

Chen H, Zhong Y, Zhang H, Yu W
Stem cell research & therapy 2026 Jan 7;17(1):69

SA supplementation during lactation promotes learning and memory by reducing H3K27me3 levels.

Huang C, Ai S, Wang M, Li C, Wang K, Nie M, Zhang H, Gu X, Wang HL
Journal of advanced research 2026 Feb;80:301-316

Aberrant miR-378 expression promotes hepatic lipid accumulation via hijacking the bile acid-regulated autophagy.

Niu Z, Yan Y, Liu W, Yao Q, Chen J, Shen S, Yu J, Ma M, Li Z, Wu Y, Li Y, Hu C, Zeng H, Gao X, Li Y, Jiang J, Ying H
Life metabolism 2026 Feb;5(1):loaf038

ALDH1L1 reverses CD8(+) T cell exhaustion in the oral squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment by reprogramming L-glutamate metabolism.

Chen G, Zhao S, Zhu L, Wu S, Kang J, Mao M, Han Z, Qu Y
Journal of translational medicine 2026 Feb 7;24(1)

Tumor metabolic adaptation induced by L-asparaginase reveals a vulnerability to PARP1/2 inhibitor in B-cell lymphomas.

Aussel A, Nemazanyy I, Vandenberghe A, Meola P, Dorat N, Paul R, Habbouche L, Exposito L, Nottet N, Petrilli V, Chiche E, Mounier N, Marchetti S, Chaveroux C, Ricci JE, Chiche J
Nature communications 2026 Feb 27;17(1)

The lncRNA DAMER selectively guides m(6)A-dependent regulation of ATF4 and asparagine metabolism under nutrient stress in cancer.

Tao T, Feng X, Yang Y, Liu B, Liang J, Chen Z, Wang S, Zhao J, Yang X, Huo L, Zhang Y, Gan Z, Wu W, Zeng J, Huang Y, Ye Y, Xu X, Yu J, Hong R, Guan H, Wu J, Xia L, He W, Li B, Cai J, Li M
Nature cell biology 2026 Apr;28(4):797-811

Trafficking and potentiation of Nav1.7 and Nav1.8 channels are mediated by IQGAP1.

Zhang X, Patra PH, Yang J
The Journal of physiology 2026 Apr 8;

MSCs-EXOs containing miR-21a-5p promoted cell proliferation in the rat retinal Müller cell rMC-1 via targeting LATS1.

Deng L, Wang Y
Stem cell research & therapy 2025 Sep 29;16(1):529

Tropism and Retinal Transduction Efficiency of Adeno-Associated Virus Serotypes in Mice.

Wu W, McRae J, Brown A, Agbaga MP
Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 2025 Sep 2;66(12):18

Impaired xCT-mediated cystine uptake drives serine and proline metabolic reprogramming and mitochondrial fission in skeletal muscle cells.

Kanaan MN, Karam CY, Kennedy LS, Pileggi CA, Hamilton L, Cuperlovic-Culf M, Harper ME
Redox biology 2025 Oct;86:103839

Downregulation of miR-127-5p promotes idiopathic epiretinal membrane development via GLUL-mediated Müller cell activation.

Ying J, Gui Q, Hua S, Li H, Wang T, He D, Zou J, Yi Q
Experimental eye research 2025 Oct;259:110561

Glutaminase Reprogramming in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Implications for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Potential as a Novel Therapeutic Target.

Tambay V, Raymond VA, Turcotte S, Bilodeau M
International journal of molecular sciences 2025 Oct 3;26(19)

Lactylation-induced ALKBH5 targets RNF123 to worsen retinal Müller cell activation through PKM2-regulated Glycolysis in diabetic retinopathy.

Luo S, Sun Y, Hu Y, Xu Y
Journal of translational medicine 2025 Oct 15;23(1):1105

Panax notoginseng Flower Extract Attenuates Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Epilepsy by Restoring Glutamate Homeostasis.

Zhao Y, Zhu F, Xie J, Wang Y, Matsabisa M, Tang M
Brain sciences 2025 Oct 15;15(10)

Nrf2 Deficiency in Müller Cells Exacerbates Pathological Neovascularization in Ischemic Retinopathy.

Xu Z, Zhou L, Wang J, Cho H, Cao Y, Shi L, Wu S, Xie Y, Qian J, Duh EJ
Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2025 Nov;45(11):e544-e562

Distinct Fgf21 Expression Patterns in Various Tissues in Response to Different Dietary Regimens Using a Reporter Mouse Model.

Zhang X, Li Z, Wang S, Chen Y
Nutrients 2025 Mar 28;17(7)

Glutamine binds HSC70 to transduce signals inhibiting IFN-β-mediated immunogenic cell death.

Zhang D, Song S, Lin J, Ye T, Yang X, Jiang Q, Mi Y, Zhang M, Ge X, Shen Y, Du P, Shi Y, Zhang X, Li L, Zhang Y, Ding L, Liu J, Zhang Y, Gao S, Ye Q
Developmental cell 2025 Jul 21;60(14):1958-1973.e9

Müller cells are activated in response to retinal outer nuclear layer degeneration in rats subjected to simulated weightlessness conditions.

Mu Y, Zhang N, Wei D, Yang G, Yao L, Xu X, Li Y, Xue J, Zhang Z, Chen T
Neural regeneration research 2025 Jul 1;20(7):2116-2128

VPS45 Contributes to the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Triggering the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Zhi R, Li Q, Zhang H, Fan F
Molecular carcinogenesis 2025 Apr;64(4):744-755

Time of day differences in the regulation of glutathione levels in the rat lens.

Li B, Suzuki-Kerr H, Martis RM, Lim CJJ, Wang ZA, Nguyen TX, Donaldson PJ, Poulsen RC, Lim JC
Frontiers in ophthalmology 2024;4:1407582

Salidroside ameliorates cerebral ischemic injury and regulates the glutamate metabolism pathway in astrocytes.

Zheng X, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Ding Z, Huang Z, Li H, Yao M, Song W, Liu J
Frontiers in pharmacology 2024;15:1472100

Acetate enables metabolic fitness and cognitive performance during sleep disruption.

He Q, Ji L, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang H, Wang J, Zhu Q, Xie M, Ou W, Liu J, Tang K, Lu K, Liu Q, Zhou J, Zhao R, Cai X, Li N, Cao Y, Li T
Cell metabolism 2024 Sep 3;36(9):1998-2014.e15

SorCS2 is involved in promoting periodontitis-induced depression-like behaviour in mice.

Li Y, Yang Y, Guan X, Liu Z, Pan L, Wang Y, Jia X, Yang J, Hou T
Oral diseases 2024 Nov;30(8):5408-5420

Metabolic reprogramming and heterogeneity during the decidualization process of endometrial stromal cells.

Jia Z, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Song K, Yuan J
Cell communication and signaling : CCS 2024 Jul 30;22(1):385

Follicle stimulating hormone controls granulosa cell glutamine synthesis to regulate ovulation.

Zhang KH, Zhang FF, Zhang ZL, Fang KF, Sun WX, Kong N, Wu M, Liu HO, Liu Y, Li Z, Cai QQ, Wang Y, Wei QW, Lin PC, Lin Y, Xu W, Xu CJ, Yuan YY, Zhao SM
Protein & cell 2024 Jul 1;15(7):512-529

Integrated Proteomic and Metabolomic Analysis of Muscle Atrophy Induced by Hindlimb Unloading.

Wang Y, Li X, Li N, Du J, Qin X, Sun X, Wang Y, Li C
Biomolecules 2024 Dec 26;15(1)

TMC7 functions as a suppressor of Piezo2 in primary sensory neurons blunting peripheral mechanotransduction.

Zhang X, Shao J, Wang C, Liu C, Hao H, Li X, An Y, He J, Zhao W, Zhao Y, Kong Y, Jia Z, Wan S, Yuan Y, Zhang H, Zhang H, Du X
Cell reports 2024 Apr 23;43(4):114014

TRIM9 promotes Müller cell-derived retinal stem cells to differentiate into retinal ganglion cells by regulating Atoh7.

Zeng Q, Zhou J, Hua X
In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal 2023 Sep;59(8):586-595

High dietary fructose promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by enhancing O-GlcNAcylation via microbiota-derived acetate.

Zhou P, Chang WY, Gong DA, Xia J, Chen W, Huang LY, Liu R, Liu Y, Chen C, Wang K, Tang N, Huang AL
Cell metabolism 2023 Nov 7;35(11):1961-1975.e6

A role of GABA(A) receptor α1 subunit in the hippocampus for rapid-acting antidepressant-like effects of ketamine.

Tang XH, Diao YG, Ren ZY, Zang YY, Zhang GF, Wang XM, Duan GF, Shen JC, Hashimoto K, Zhou ZQ, Yang JJ
Neuropharmacology 2023 Mar 1;225:109383

Loss of hepatic manganese transporter ZIP8 disrupts serum transferrin glycosylation and the glutamate-glutamine cycle.

Powers M, Minchella D, Gonzalez-Acevedo M, Escutia-Plaza D, Wu J, Heger C, Milne G, Aschner M, Liu Z
Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) 2023 Jul;78:127184

CAFs targeted ultrasound-responsive nanodroplets loaded V9302 and GLULsiRNA to inhibit melanoma growth via glutamine metabolic reprogramming and tumor microenvironment remodeling.

Ai C, Sun X, Xiao S, Guo L, Shang M, Shi D, Meng D, Zhao Y, Wang X, Li J
Journal of nanobiotechnology 2023 Jul 8;21(1):214

Spatially resolved isotope tracing reveals tissue metabolic activity.

Wang L, Xing X, Zeng X, Jackson SR, TeSlaa T, Al-Dalahmah O, Samarah LZ, Goodwin K, Yang L, McReynolds MR, Li X, Wolff JJ, Rabinowitz JD, Davidson SM
Nature methods 2022 Feb;19(2):223-230

Insm1 promotes differentiation of retinal progenitor cells toward photoreceptor cells in the developing retina through up-regulation of SHH.

Zhou P, Xu Y, Yang L, Meng P, Guo J, Liu Z, Jin B, Xie K, Zhu H, Du L, Jin X
Journal of molecular histology 2022 Dec;53(6):947-954

Urea as a By-Product of Ammonia Metabolism Can Be a Potential Serum Biomarker of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Bai C, Wang H, Dong D, Li T, Yu Z, Guo J, Zhou W, Li D, Yan R, Wang L, Wang Z, Li Y, Ren L
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 2021;9:650748

PPP1CA/YAP/GS/Gln/mTORC1 pathway activates retinal Müller cells during diabetic retinopathy.

Guo Y, Cang X, Zhu L, Zhu M, Li A, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Wang X, Song E
Experimental eye research 2021 Sep;210:108703

Enhanced Contextual Fear Memory and Elevated Astroglial Glutamate Synthase Activity in Hippocampal CA1 BChE shRNA Knockdown Mice.

Chen S, Lin Z, Tan KL, Chen R, Su W, Zhao H, Tan Q, Tan W
Frontiers in psychiatry 2020;11:564843

Eurocristatine, a plant alkaloid from Eurotium cristatum, alleviates insulin resistance in db/db diabetic mice via activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Zhang H, Hui J, Yang J, Deng J, Fan D
European journal of pharmacology 2020 Nov 15;887:173557

Rice protein stimulates endogenous antioxidant response attributed to methionine availability in growing rats.

Wang Z, Cai L, Li H, Liang M, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Yang L
Journal of food biochemistry 2020 May;44(5):e13180

Rice Protein Exerts Endogenous Antioxidant Capacity via Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase and the Nrf2 Antioxidant System Independent of Age.

Li H, Liang M, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Yang L
Journal of medicinal food 2020 Jun;23(6):565-574

α-ketobutyrate links alterations in cystine metabolism to glucose oxidation in mtDNA mutant cells.

Lesner NP, Gokhale AS, Kota K, DeBerardinis RJ, Mishra P
Metabolic engineering 2020 Jul;60:157-167

An extracorporeal bioartificial liver embedded with 3D-layered human liver progenitor-like cells relieves acute liver failure in pigs.

Li WJ, Zhu XJ, Yuan TJ, Wang ZY, Bian ZQ, Jing HS, Shi X, Chen CY, Fu GB, Huang WJ, Shi YP, Liu Q, Zeng M, Zhang HD, Wu HP, Yu WF, Zhai B, Yan HX
Science translational medicine 2020 Jul 8;12(551)

Metabolomic Study on Nude Mice Models of Gastric Cancer Treated with Modified Si Jun Zi Tang via HILIC UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS Analysis.

Nie S, Zhao Y, Qiu X, Wang W, Yao Y, Yi M, Wang D
Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 2019;2019:3817879

Elevated levels of circulating ITIH4 are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: from pig model to human study.

Nakamura N, Hatano E, Iguchi K, Sato M, Kawaguchi H, Ohtsu I, Sakurai T, Aizawa N, Iijima H, Nishiguchi S, Tomono T, Okuda Y, Wada S, Seo S, Taura K, Uemoto S, Ikegawa M
BMC cancer 2019 Jun 25;19(1):621

Androgens regulate follicle stage-dependent pro- and anti-apoptosis in teleost ovaries through ZIP9 activation of different G proteins†.

Converse A, Thomas P
Biology of reproduction 2019 Aug 1;101(2):377-391

Ceftriaxone Improves Cognitive Function and Upregulates GLT-1-Related Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle in APP/PS1 Mice.

Fan S, Xian X, Li L, Yao X, Hu Y, Zhang M, Li W
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2018;66(4):1731-1743

Long-Term Moderate Exercise Rescues Age-Related Decline in Hippocampal Neuronal Complexity and Memory.

Tsai SF, Ku NW, Wang TF, Yang YH, Shih YH, Wu SY, Lee CW, Yu M, Yang TT, Kuo YM
Gerontology 2018;64(6):551-561

Resibufogenin suppresses colorectal cancer growth and metastasis through RIP3-mediated necroptosis.

Han Q, Ma Y, Wang H, Dai Y, Chen C, Liu Y, Jing L, Sun X
Journal of translational medicine 2018 Jul 20;16(1):201

High-fat diet suppresses the astrocytic process arborization and downregulates the glial glutamate transporters in the hippocampus of mice.

Tsai SF, Wu HT, Chen PC, Chen YW, Yu M, Wang TF, Wu SY, Tzeng SF, Kuo YM
Brain research 2018 Dec 1;1700:66-77

Glutaminase GLS1 senses glutamine availability in a non-enzymatic manner triggering mitochondrial fusion.

Cai WF, Zhang C, Wu YQ, Zhuang G, Ye Z, Zhang CS, Lin SC
Cell research 2018 Aug;28(8):865-867

Cerebral level of vGlut1 is increased and level of glycine is decreased in TgSwDI mice.

Timmer NM, Metaxas A, van der Stelt I, Kluijtmans LA, van Berckel BN, Verbeek MM
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2014;39(1):89-101

Reprogramming of proline and glutamine metabolism contributes to the proliferative and metabolic responses regulated by oncogenic transcription factor c-MYC.

Liu W, Le A, Hancock C, Lane AN, Dang CV, Fan TW, Phang JM
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 Jun 5;109(23):8983-8

Optimisation of the quantification of glutamine synthetase and myelin basic protein in cerebrospinal fluid by a combined acidification and neutralisation protocol.

Herbert MK, Kuiperij HB, Verbeek MM
Journal of immunological methods 2012 Jul 31;381(1-2):1-8

Histologic subtypes of hepatoblastoma are characterized by differential canonical Wnt and Notch pathway activation in DLK+ precursors.

López-Terrada D, Gunaratne PH, Adesina AM, Pulliam J, Hoang DM, Nguyen Y, Mistretta TA, Margolin J, Finegold MJ
Human pathology 2009 Jun;40(6):783-94

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Supportive validation

Submitted by: Proteintech Group (provider)
Main image
Experimental details: mouse brain tissue were subjected to SDS PAGE followed by western blot with 11037-2-AP(GLUL antibody) at dilution of 1:100
Sample type: tissue

Supportive validation

Submitted by: Proteintech Group (provider)
Main image
Experimental details: The Glutamine synthetase antibody from Proteintech is a rabbit polyclonal antibody to a recombinant protein of human Glutamine synthetase. This antibody recognizes human, mouse, rat antigen. The Glutamine synthetase antibody has been validated for the following applications: ELISA, WB, IHC analysis.
Appendix: 11037-2-AP.pdf

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