Antibody data
- Antibody Data
- Antigen structure
- References [44]
- Comments [0]
- Validations
- Western blot [1]
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- Product number
- A010-14 - Provider product page
- Provider
- Badrilla Ltd
- Proper citation
- Badrilla Cat#A010-14, RRID:AB_2617049
- Product name
- Phospholamban A1 Antibody (IgG)
- Antibody type
- Monoclonal
- Antigen
- Purifed from natural sources
- Description
- The majority of calcium required for muscle contraction is mobilised from the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR), to which it has to return to in order to facilitate relaxation. The (Ca2+- Mg2+) ATPase enzyme is responsible for the sequestration of calcium after its release from the SR, and is controlled by another sarcoplasmic reticulum protein called phospholamban (PLB) in cardiac, smooth and slow-twitch skeletal muscle. The monoclonal antibody (A1) was raised against bovine cardiac PLB and recognises an epitope comprising of residues 7LTRSAIRRAS16. The antibody reacts with all forms of PLB: monomer, oligomers, phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated. The antibody stimulates Ca2+ pump activity upon binding to PLB, to an extent equivalent to stoichiometric phosphorylation of PLB Manipulation of SERCA2:PLB ratios is a therapeutic strategy for heart failure. Elimination of PLB boosts SR Ca2+-load which can exacerbate pathological outcomes (apoptosis, arrhythmias) when combined with other alterations in SR function.
- Host
- Mouse
- Antigen sequence
bovine phospholamban
- Isotype
- IgG
- Vial size
- 20 µl
- Storage
- Lyophilised: 4 °C Reconstituted:-80 °C
- Handling
- Reconstitute lyophilised powder in 20 µl of 18 MΩ H2O, aliquot and store frozen at -80 °C for 1 year. Avoid freeze - thaw cycles
Submitted references Crosstalk between mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ cycling modulates cardiac pacemaker cell automaticity.
Tail-anchored membrane protein SLMAP is a novel regulator of cardiac function at the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Functional evidence for an active role of B-type natriuretic peptide in cardiac remodelling and pro-arrhythmogenicity.
Sarcalumenin plays a critical role in age-related cardiac dysfunction due to decreases in SERCA2a expression and activity.
Defective proteolytic systems in Mybpc3-targeted mice with cardiac hypertrophy.
SUMO1-dependent modulation of SERCA2a in heart failure.
Fatty acid synthase modulates homeostatic responses to myocardial stress.
Carbon monoxide exposure enhances arrhythmia after cardiac stress: involvement of oxidative stress.
Impaired β-adrenergic responsiveness accentuates dysfunctional excitation-contraction coupling in an ovine model of tachypacing-induced heart failure.
Hypoxia and HIF-1 suppress SERCA2a expression in embryonic cardiac myocytes through two interdependent hypoxia response elements.
Extracellular matrix of collagen modulates intracellular calcium handling and electrophysiological characteristics of HL-1 cardiomyocytes with activation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor.
Regulation by phosphodiesterase isoforms of protein kinase A-mediated attenuation of myocardial protein kinase D activation.
Phospholemman-dependent regulation of the cardiac Na/K-ATPase activity is modulated by inhibitor-1 sensitive type-1 phosphatase.
Long-term in vivo resistin overexpression induces myocardial dysfunction and remodeling in rats.
Losartan reduces mortality in a genetic model of heart failure.
Cardiac overexpression of the human 5-HT4 receptor in mice.
Immersion before dry simulated dive reduces cardiomyocyte function and increases mortality after decompression.
Heparin-derived oligosaccharides interact with the phospholamban cytoplasmic domain and stimulate SERCA function.
BNP controls early load-dependent regulation of SERCA through calcineurin.
Alpha-kinase anchoring protein alphaKAP interacts with SERCA2A to spatially position Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and modulate phospholamban phosphorylation.
Akt increases sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ cycling by direct phosphorylation of phospholamban at Thr17.
Distinct contractile and molecular differences between two goat models of atrial dysfunction: AV block-induced atrial dilatation and atrial fibrillation.
Desflurane-induced postconditioning is mediated by beta-adrenergic signaling: role of beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors, protein kinase A, and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.
Epac and phospholipase Cepsilon regulate Ca2+ release in the heart by activation of protein kinase Cepsilon and calcium-calmodulin kinase II.
Sarcolemmal Ca2+-ATPase ability to transport Ca2+ gradually diminishes after myocardial infarction in the rat.
Phosphorylation of phospholamban and troponin I through 5-HT4 receptors in the isolated human atrium.
Phosphodiesterase 4 and phosphatase 2A differentially regulate cAMP/protein kinase a signaling for cardiac myocyte contraction under stimulation of beta1 adrenergic receptor.
Carbon monoxide levels experienced by heavy smokers impair aerobic capacity and cardiac contractility and induce pathological hypertrophy.
Differential role of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in desflurane-induced preconditioning and cardioprotection by metoprolol: metoprolol blocks desflurane-induced preconditioning.
Myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase function is increased by aerobic interval training.
Aerobic interval training enhances cardiomyocyte contractility and Ca2+ cycling by phosphorylation of CaMKII and Thr-17 of phospholamban.
Local actions of atrial natriuretic peptide counteract angiotensin II stimulated cardiac remodeling.
Serotonin increases L-type Ca2+ current and SR Ca2+ content through 5-HT4 receptors in failing rat ventricular cardiomyocytes.
Reduced contractile response to alpha1-adrenergic stimulation in atria from mice with chronic cardiac calmodulin kinase II inhibition.
Analysis of the sesquiterpenoids in processed Atractylodis Rhizoma.
Conditional neuronal nitric oxide synthase overexpression impairs myocardial contractility.
Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II-dependent phosphorylation of ryanodine receptors suppresses Ca2+ sparks and Ca2+ waves in cardiac myocytes.
Decreased phosphorylation levels of cardiac myosin-binding protein-C in human and experimental heart failure.
Enhanced activity of the myocardial Na+/H+ exchanger NHE-1 contributes to cardiac remodeling in atrial natriuretic peptide receptor-deficient mice.
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase modulates cardiac ryanodine receptor phosphorylation and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak in heart failure.
Daily administration of interleukin-18 causes myocardial dysfunction in healthy mice.
Adenoviral gene transfer of mutant phospholamban rescues contractile dysfunction in failing rabbit myocytes with relatively preserved SERCA function.
Direct inhibition of type 5 adenylyl cyclase prevents myocardial apoptosis without functional deterioration.
Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta regulates growth, calcium homeostasis, and diastolic function in the heart.
Yaniv Y, Spurgeon HA, Lyashkov AE, Yang D, Ziman BD, Maltsev VA, Lakatta EG
PloS one 2012;7(5):e37582
PloS one 2012;7(5):e37582
Tail-anchored membrane protein SLMAP is a novel regulator of cardiac function at the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Nader M, Westendorp B, Hawari O, Salih M, Stewart AF, Leenen FH, Tuana BS
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2012 Mar 1;302(5):H1138-45
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2012 Mar 1;302(5):H1138-45
Functional evidence for an active role of B-type natriuretic peptide in cardiac remodelling and pro-arrhythmogenicity.
Thireau J, Karam S, Fauconnier J, Roberge S, Cassan C, Cazorla O, Aimond F, Lacampagne A, Babuty D, Richard S
Cardiovascular research 2012 Jul 1;95(1):59-68
Cardiovascular research 2012 Jul 1;95(1):59-68
Sarcalumenin plays a critical role in age-related cardiac dysfunction due to decreases in SERCA2a expression and activity.
Jiao Q, Takeshima H, Ishikawa Y, Minamisawa S
Cell calcium 2012 Jan;51(1):31-9
Cell calcium 2012 Jan;51(1):31-9
Defective proteolytic systems in Mybpc3-targeted mice with cardiac hypertrophy.
Schlossarek S, Englmann DR, Sultan KR, Sauer M, Eschenhagen T, Carrier L
Basic research in cardiology 2012 Jan;107(1):235
Basic research in cardiology 2012 Jan;107(1):235
SUMO1-dependent modulation of SERCA2a in heart failure.
Kho C, Lee A, Jeong D, Oh JG, Chaanine AH, Kizana E, Park WJ, Hajjar RJ
Nature 2011 Sep 7;477(7366):601-5
Nature 2011 Sep 7;477(7366):601-5
Fatty acid synthase modulates homeostatic responses to myocardial stress.
Razani B, Zhang H, Schulze PC, Schilling JD, Verbsky J, Lodhi IJ, Topkara VK, Feng C, Coleman T, Kovacs A, Kelly DP, Saffitz JE, Dorn GW 2nd, Nichols CG, Semenkovich CF
The Journal of biological chemistry 2011 Sep 2;286(35):30949-30961
The Journal of biological chemistry 2011 Sep 2;286(35):30949-30961
Carbon monoxide exposure enhances arrhythmia after cardiac stress: involvement of oxidative stress.
André L, Gouzi F, Thireau J, Meyer G, Boissiere J, Delage M, Abdellaoui A, Feillet-Coudray C, Fouret G, Cristol JP, Lacampagne A, Obert P, Reboul C, Fauconnier J, Hayot M, Richard S, Cazorla O
Basic research in cardiology 2011 Nov;106(6):1235-46
Basic research in cardiology 2011 Nov;106(6):1235-46
Impaired β-adrenergic responsiveness accentuates dysfunctional excitation-contraction coupling in an ovine model of tachypacing-induced heart failure.
Briston SJ, Caldwell JL, Horn MA, Clarke JD, Richards MA, Greensmith DJ, Graham HK, Hall MC, Eisner DA, Dibb KM, Trafford AW
The Journal of physiology 2011 Mar 15;589(Pt 6):1367-82
The Journal of physiology 2011 Mar 15;589(Pt 6):1367-82
Hypoxia and HIF-1 suppress SERCA2a expression in embryonic cardiac myocytes through two interdependent hypoxia response elements.
Ronkainen VP, Skoumal R, Tavi P
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 2011 Jun;50(6):1008-16
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 2011 Jun;50(6):1008-16
Extracellular matrix of collagen modulates intracellular calcium handling and electrophysiological characteristics of HL-1 cardiomyocytes with activation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor.
Lu YY, Chen YC, Kao YH, Wu TJ, Chen SA, Chen YJ
Journal of cardiac failure 2011 Jan;17(1):82-90
Journal of cardiac failure 2011 Jan;17(1):82-90
Regulation by phosphodiesterase isoforms of protein kinase A-mediated attenuation of myocardial protein kinase D activation.
Haworth RS, Cuello F, Avkiran M
Basic research in cardiology 2011 Jan;106(1):51-63
Basic research in cardiology 2011 Jan;106(1):51-63
Phospholemman-dependent regulation of the cardiac Na/K-ATPase activity is modulated by inhibitor-1 sensitive type-1 phosphatase.
El-Armouche A, Wittköpper K, Fuller W, Howie J, Shattock MJ, Pavlovic D
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 2011 Dec;25(12):4467-75
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 2011 Dec;25(12):4467-75
Long-term in vivo resistin overexpression induces myocardial dysfunction and remodeling in rats.
Chemaly ER, Hadri L, Zhang S, Kim M, Kohlbrenner E, Sheng J, Liang L, Chen J, K-Raman P, Hajjar RJ, Lebeche D
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 2011 Aug;51(2):144-55
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 2011 Aug;51(2):144-55
Losartan reduces mortality in a genetic model of heart failure.
Günther S, Baba HA, Hauptmann S, Holzhausen HJ, Grossmann C, Punkt K, Kusche T, Jones LR, Gergs U, Neumann J
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 2010 Sep;382(3):265-78
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 2010 Sep;382(3):265-78
Cardiac overexpression of the human 5-HT4 receptor in mice.
Gergs U, Baumann M, Böckler A, Buchwalow IB, Ebelt H, Fabritz L, Hauptmann S, Keller N, Kirchhof P, Klöckner U, Pönicke K, Rueckschloss U, Schmitz W, Werner F, Neumann J
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2010 Sep;299(3):H788-98
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2010 Sep;299(3):H788-98
Immersion before dry simulated dive reduces cardiomyocyte function and increases mortality after decompression.
Gaustad SE, Brubakk AO, Høydal M, Catalucci D, Condorelli G, Dujic Z, Marinovic J, Ljubkovic M, Møllerløkken A, Wisløff U
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 2010 Sep;109(3):752-7
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 2010 Sep;109(3):752-7
Heparin-derived oligosaccharides interact with the phospholamban cytoplasmic domain and stimulate SERCA function.
Hughes E, Edwards R, Middleton DA
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2010 Oct 22;401(3):370-5
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2010 Oct 22;401(3):370-5
BNP controls early load-dependent regulation of SERCA through calcineurin.
Toischer K, Teucher N, Unsöld B, Kuhn M, Kögler H, Hasenfuss G
Basic research in cardiology 2010 Nov;105(6):795-804
Basic research in cardiology 2010 Nov;105(6):795-804
Alpha-kinase anchoring protein alphaKAP interacts with SERCA2A to spatially position Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and modulate phospholamban phosphorylation.
Singh P, Salih M, Tuana BS
The Journal of biological chemistry 2009 Oct 9;284(41):28212-21
The Journal of biological chemistry 2009 Oct 9;284(41):28212-21
Akt increases sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ cycling by direct phosphorylation of phospholamban at Thr17.
Catalucci D, Latronico MV, Ceci M, Rusconi F, Young HS, Gallo P, Santonastasi M, Bellacosa A, Brown JH, Condorelli G
The Journal of biological chemistry 2009 Oct 9;284(41):28180-7
The Journal of biological chemistry 2009 Oct 9;284(41):28180-7
Distinct contractile and molecular differences between two goat models of atrial dysfunction: AV block-induced atrial dilatation and atrial fibrillation.
Greiser M, Neuberger HR, Harks E, El-Armouche A, Boknik P, de Haan S, Verheyen F, Verheule S, Schmitz W, Ravens U, Nattel S, Allessie MA, Dobrev D, Schotten U
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 2009 Mar;46(3):385-94
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 2009 Mar;46(3):385-94
Desflurane-induced postconditioning is mediated by beta-adrenergic signaling: role of beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors, protein kinase A, and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.
Lange M, Redel A, Lotz C, Smul TM, Blomeyer C, Frank A, Stumpner J, Roewer N, Kehl F
Anesthesiology 2009 Mar;110(3):516-28
Anesthesiology 2009 Mar;110(3):516-28
Epac and phospholipase Cepsilon regulate Ca2+ release in the heart by activation of protein kinase Cepsilon and calcium-calmodulin kinase II.
Oestreich EA, Malik S, Goonasekera SA, Blaxall BC, Kelley GG, Dirksen RT, Smrcka AV
The Journal of biological chemistry 2009 Jan 16;284(3):1514-22
The Journal of biological chemistry 2009 Jan 16;284(3):1514-22
Sarcolemmal Ca2+-ATPase ability to transport Ca2+ gradually diminishes after myocardial infarction in the rat.
Mackiewicz U, Maczewski M, Konior A, Tellez JO, Nowis D, Dobrzynski H, Boyett MR, Lewartowski B
Cardiovascular research 2009 Feb 15;81(3):546-54
Cardiovascular research 2009 Feb 15;81(3):546-54
Phosphorylation of phospholamban and troponin I through 5-HT4 receptors in the isolated human atrium.
Gergs U, Neumann J, Simm A, Silber RE, Remmers FO, Läer S
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 2009 Apr;379(4):349-59
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 2009 Apr;379(4):349-59
Phosphodiesterase 4 and phosphatase 2A differentially regulate cAMP/protein kinase a signaling for cardiac myocyte contraction under stimulation of beta1 adrenergic receptor.
De Arcangelis V, Soto D, Xiang Y
Molecular pharmacology 2008 Nov;74(5):1453-62
Molecular pharmacology 2008 Nov;74(5):1453-62
Carbon monoxide levels experienced by heavy smokers impair aerobic capacity and cardiac contractility and induce pathological hypertrophy.
Bye A, Sørhaug S, Ceci M, Høydal MA, Stølen T, Heinrich G, Tjønna AE, Najjar SM, Nilsen OG, Catalucci D, Grimaldi S, Contu R, Steinshamn S, Condorelli G, Smith GL, Ellingsen O, Waldum H, Wisløff U
Inhalation toxicology 2008 May;20(7):635-46
Inhalation toxicology 2008 May;20(7):635-46
Differential role of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in desflurane-induced preconditioning and cardioprotection by metoprolol: metoprolol blocks desflurane-induced preconditioning.
Lange M, Smul TM, Redel A, Lotz C, Jazbutyte V, Schnupp V, Roewer N, Kehl F
Anesthesiology 2008 Jul;109(1):72-80
Anesthesiology 2008 Jul;109(1):72-80
Myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase function is increased by aerobic interval training.
Kemi OJ, Ceci M, Condorelli G, Smith GL, Wisloff U
European journal of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation : official journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology 2008 Apr;15(2):145-8
European journal of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation : official journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology 2008 Apr;15(2):145-8
Aerobic interval training enhances cardiomyocyte contractility and Ca2+ cycling by phosphorylation of CaMKII and Thr-17 of phospholamban.
Kemi OJ, Ellingsen O, Ceci M, Grimaldi S, Smith GL, Condorelli G, Wisløff U
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 2007 Sep;43(3):354-61
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 2007 Sep;43(3):354-61
Local actions of atrial natriuretic peptide counteract angiotensin II stimulated cardiac remodeling.
Kilić A, Bubikat A, Gassner B, Baba HA, Kuhn M
Endocrinology 2007 Sep;148(9):4162-9
Endocrinology 2007 Sep;148(9):4162-9
Serotonin increases L-type Ca2+ current and SR Ca2+ content through 5-HT4 receptors in failing rat ventricular cardiomyocytes.
Birkeland JA, Swift F, Tovsrud N, Enger U, Lunde PK, Qvigstad E, Levy FO, Sejersted OM, Sjaastad I
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2007 Oct;293(4):H2367-76
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2007 Oct;293(4):H2367-76
Reduced contractile response to alpha1-adrenergic stimulation in atria from mice with chronic cardiac calmodulin kinase II inhibition.
Grimm M, El-Armouche A, Zhang R, Anderson ME, Eschenhagen T
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 2007 Mar;42(3):643-52
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 2007 Mar;42(3):643-52
Analysis of the sesquiterpenoids in processed Atractylodis Rhizoma.
Wang KT, Chen LG, Yang LL, Ke WM, Chang HC, Wang CC
Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin 2007 Jan;55(1):50-6
Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin 2007 Jan;55(1):50-6
Conditional neuronal nitric oxide synthase overexpression impairs myocardial contractility.
Burkard N, Rokita AG, Kaufmann SG, Hallhuber M, Wu R, Hu K, Hofmann U, Bonz A, Frantz S, Cartwright EJ, Neyses L, Maier LS, Maier SK, Renné T, Schuh K, Ritter O
Circulation research 2007 Feb 16;100(3):e32-44
Circulation research 2007 Feb 16;100(3):e32-44
Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II-dependent phosphorylation of ryanodine receptors suppresses Ca2+ sparks and Ca2+ waves in cardiac myocytes.
Yang D, Zhu WZ, Xiao B, Brochet DX, Chen SR, Lakatta EG, Xiao RP, Cheng H
Circulation research 2007 Feb 16;100(3):399-407
Circulation research 2007 Feb 16;100(3):399-407
Decreased phosphorylation levels of cardiac myosin-binding protein-C in human and experimental heart failure.
El-Armouche A, Pohlmann L, Schlossarek S, Starbatty J, Yeh YH, Nattel S, Dobrev D, Eschenhagen T, Carrier L
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 2007 Aug;43(2):223-9
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 2007 Aug;43(2):223-9
Enhanced activity of the myocardial Na+/H+ exchanger NHE-1 contributes to cardiac remodeling in atrial natriuretic peptide receptor-deficient mice.
Kilic A, Velic A, De Windt LJ, Fabritz L, Voss M, Mitko D, Zwiener M, Baba HA, van Eickels M, Schlatter E, Kuhn M
Circulation 2005 Oct 11;112(15):2307-17
Circulation 2005 Oct 11;112(15):2307-17
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase modulates cardiac ryanodine receptor phosphorylation and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak in heart failure.
Ai X, Curran JW, Shannon TR, Bers DM, Pogwizd SM
Circulation research 2005 Dec 9;97(12):1314-22
Circulation research 2005 Dec 9;97(12):1314-22
Daily administration of interleukin-18 causes myocardial dysfunction in healthy mice.
Woldbaek PR, Sande JB, Strømme TA, Lunde PK, Djurovic S, Lyberg T, Christensen G, Tønnessen T
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2005 Aug;289(2):H708-14
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2005 Aug;289(2):H708-14
Adenoviral gene transfer of mutant phospholamban rescues contractile dysfunction in failing rabbit myocytes with relatively preserved SERCA function.
Ziolo MT, Martin JL, Bossuyt J, Bers DM, Pogwizd SM
Circulation research 2005 Apr 29;96(8):815-7
Circulation research 2005 Apr 29;96(8):815-7
Direct inhibition of type 5 adenylyl cyclase prevents myocardial apoptosis without functional deterioration.
Iwatsubo K, Minamisawa S, Tsunematsu T, Nakagome M, Toya Y, Tomlinson JE, Umemura S, Scarborough RM, Levy DE, Ishikawa Y
The Journal of biological chemistry 2004 Sep 24;279(39):40938-45
The Journal of biological chemistry 2004 Sep 24;279(39):40938-45
Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta regulates growth, calcium homeostasis, and diastolic function in the heart.
Michael A, Haq S, Chen X, Hsich E, Cui L, Walters B, Shao Z, Bhattacharya K, Kilter H, Huggins G, Andreucci M, Periasamy M, Solomon RN, Liao R, Patten R, Molkentin JD, Force T
The Journal of biological chemistry 2004 May 14;279(20):21383-93
The Journal of biological chemistry 2004 May 14;279(20):21383-93
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Supportive validation
- Submitted by
- Badrilla Ltd (provider)
- Main image
- Experimental details
- Western blot
- Sample type
- Canine sarcoplasmic reticulum +/- PKA or CaMKII treatment (not boiled)
- Validation comment
- Ab stains for PLB monomer and multimer and recognises the phospho shift
- Primary Ab dilution
- 3.513888889
- Secondary Ab dilution
- 1.430555556
- Protocol
- Protocol