Antibody data
- Antibody Data
- Antigen structure
- References [31]
- Comments [0]
- Validations
- Flow cytometry [3]
- Other assay [13]
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- Product number
- 12-9459-41 - Provider product page
- Provider
- Invitrogen Antibodies
- Product name
- CD45 Monoclonal Antibody (2D1), PE, eBioscience™
- Antibody type
- Monoclonal
- Antigen
- Other
- Description
- Description: The 2D1 monoclonal antibody reacts with all isoforms of human CD45, also known as Leukocyte Common Antigen (LCA). CD45 is expressed by all hematopoietic cells excluding circulating erythrocytes and platelets. The cytoplasmic portion of CD45 has tyrosine phosphatase enzymatic activity and plays an important role in activation of lymphocytes. Applications Reported: This 2D1 antibody has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis. Applications Tested: This 2D1 antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells. This can be used at 5 µL (0.25 µg) per test. A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test. Excitation: 488-561 nm; Emission: 578 nm; Laser: Blue Laser, Green Laser, Yellow-Green Laser. Filtration: 0.2 µm post-manufacturing filtered.
- Reactivity
- Human
- Host
- Mouse
- Conjugate
- Yellow dye
- Isotype
- IgG
- Antibody clone number
- 2D1
- Vial size
- 25 Tests
- Concentration
- 5 µL/Test
- Storage
- 4° C, store in dark, DO NOT FREEZE!
Submitted references TNF-α activates RELA expression via TNFRSF1B to upregulate OPA1 expression and inhibit chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells.
LIM Mineralization Protein-1 Enhances the Committed Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells through the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK Pathways and BMP Signaling.
Cryopreserved PM21-Particle-Expanded Natural Killer Cells Maintain Cytotoxicity and Effector Functions In Vitro and In Vivo.
Gasdermin D-dependent platelet pyroptosis exacerbates NET formation and inflammation in severe sepsis.
Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Subtypes May be Useful as Potential Biomarkers of Immune Activation in People With HIV.
Transitions in lineage specification and gene regulatory networks in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells over human development.
Microglia use TAM receptors to detect and engulf amyloid β plaques.
Bcl-xL mutant promotes cartilage differentiation of BMSCs by upregulating TGF-β/BMP expression levels.
Genome-wide Screens Identify Lineage- and Tumor-Specific Genes Modulating MHC-I- and MHC-II-Restricted Immunosurveillance of Human Lymphomas.
VAP-PLGA microspheres (VAP-PLGA) promote adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs)-induced wound healing in chronic skin ulcers in mice via PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α pathway.
Down-Regulated Exosomal MicroRNA-221 - 3p Derived From Senescent Mesenchymal Stem Cells Impairs Heart Repair.
Platelets Fuel the Inflammasome Activation of Innate Immune Cells.
Single residue in CD28-costimulated CAR-T cells limits long-term persistence and antitumor durability.
CAR T Cells Targeting MISIIR for the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer and Other Gynecologic Malignancies.
TGF‑β induces periodontal ligament stem cell senescence through increase of ROS production.
EDAG promotes the expansion and survival of human CD34+ cells.
Microglia innately develop within cerebral organoids.
A fully defined static suspension culture system for large-scale human embryonic stem cell production.
Similarities and differences between helminth parasites and cancer cell lines in shaping human monocytes: Insights into parallel mechanisms of immune evasion.
Nrf2 Inhibits Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell Apoptosis under Excessive Oxidative Stress.
Increased expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in the population with obesity and insulin resistance.
Etanercept-Synthesising Mesenchymal Stem Cells Efficiently Ameliorate Collagen-Induced Arthritis.
Renal Sodium Gradient Orchestrates a Dynamic Antibacterial Defense Zone.
A Member of the Nuclear Receptor Superfamily, Designated as NR2F2, Supports the Self-Renewal Capacity and Pluripotency of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
Tumor immune microenvironment characterization in clear cell renal cell carcinoma identifies prognostic and immunotherapeutically relevant messenger RNA signatures.
Human adipose stem cell and ASC-derived cardiac progenitor cellular therapy improves outcomes in a murine model of myocardial infarction.
A novel autosomal recessive TERT T1129P mutation in a dyskeratosis congenita family leads to cellular senescence and loss of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells not reversible by mTOR-inhibition.
Vascular niche promotes hematopoietic multipotent progenitor formation from pluripotent stem cells.
Mesenchymal stromal cells form vascular tubes when placed in fibrin sealant and accelerate wound healing in vivo.
Epithelial cell differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells in decellularized lung scaffolds.
Aberrant expression of SALL4 in acute B cell lymphoblastic leukemia: mechanism, function, and implication for a potential novel therapeutic target.
Guo J, Ye W, Wu X, Huang H, Li B, Sun Z, Ren Z, Yang Z
Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2023 Jun 13;18(1):430
Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2023 Jun 13;18(1):430
LIM Mineralization Protein-1 Enhances the Committed Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells through the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK Pathways and BMP Signaling.
Mu R, Chen B, Bi B, Yu H, Liu J, Li J, He M, Rong L, Liu B, Liu K, Zhu L, Shi X, Shuai Y, Jin L
International journal of medical sciences 2022;19(8):1307-1319
International journal of medical sciences 2022;19(8):1307-1319
Cryopreserved PM21-Particle-Expanded Natural Killer Cells Maintain Cytotoxicity and Effector Functions In Vitro and In Vivo.
Oyer JL, Croom-Perez TJ, Dieffenthaller TA, Robles-Carillo LD, Gitto SB, Altomare DA, Copik AJ
Frontiers in immunology 2022;13:861681
Frontiers in immunology 2022;13:861681
Gasdermin D-dependent platelet pyroptosis exacerbates NET formation and inflammation in severe sepsis.
Su M, Chen C, Li S, Li M, Zeng Z, Zhang Y, Xia L, Li X, Zheng D, Lin Q, Fan X, Wen Y, Liu Y, Chen F, Luo W, Bu Y, Qin J, Guo M, Qiu M, Sun L, Liu R, Wang P, Hwa J, Tang WH
Nature cardiovascular research 2022;1(8):732-747
Nature cardiovascular research 2022;1(8):732-747
Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Subtypes May be Useful as Potential Biomarkers of Immune Activation in People With HIV.
Bazié WW, Boucher J, Vitry J, Goyer B, Routy JP, Tremblay C, Trottier S, Jenabian MA, Provost P, Alary M, Gilbert C
Pathogens & immunity 2021;6(1):1-28
Pathogens & immunity 2021;6(1):1-28
Transitions in lineage specification and gene regulatory networks in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells over human development.
Roy A, Wang G, Iskander D, O'Byrne S, Elliott N, O'Sullivan J, Buck G, Heuston EF, Wen WX, Meira AR, Hua P, Karadimitris A, Mead AJ, Bodine DM, Roberts I, Psaila B, Thongjuea S
Cell reports 2021 Sep 14;36(11):109698
Cell reports 2021 Sep 14;36(11):109698
Microglia use TAM receptors to detect and engulf amyloid β plaques.
Huang Y, Happonen KE, Burrola PG, O'Connor C, Hah N, Huang L, Nimmerjahn A, Lemke G
Nature immunology 2021 May;22(5):586-594
Nature immunology 2021 May;22(5):586-594
Bcl-xL mutant promotes cartilage differentiation of BMSCs by upregulating TGF-β/BMP expression levels.
Xiao K, Yang L, Xie W, Gao X, Huang R, Xie M
Experimental and therapeutic medicine 2021 Jul;22(1):736
Experimental and therapeutic medicine 2021 Jul;22(1):736
Genome-wide Screens Identify Lineage- and Tumor-Specific Genes Modulating MHC-I- and MHC-II-Restricted Immunosurveillance of Human Lymphomas.
Dersh D, Phelan JD, Gumina ME, Wang B, Arbuckle JH, Holly J, Kishton RJ, Markowitz TE, Seedhom MO, Fridlyand N, Wright GW, Huang DW, Ceribelli M, Thomas CJ, Lack JB, Restifo NP, Kristie TM, Staudt LM, Yewdell JW
Immunity 2021 Jan 12;54(1):116-131.e10
Immunity 2021 Jan 12;54(1):116-131.e10
VAP-PLGA microspheres (VAP-PLGA) promote adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs)-induced wound healing in chronic skin ulcers in mice via PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α pathway.
Jiang W, Zhang J, Zhang X, Fan C, Huang J
Bioengineered 2021 Dec;12(2):10264-10284
Bioengineered 2021 Dec;12(2):10264-10284
Down-Regulated Exosomal MicroRNA-221 - 3p Derived From Senescent Mesenchymal Stem Cells Impairs Heart Repair.
Sun L, Zhu W, Zhao P, Zhang J, Lu Y, Zhu Y, Zhao W, Liu Y, Chen Q, Zhang F
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 2020;8:263
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 2020;8:263
Platelets Fuel the Inflammasome Activation of Innate Immune Cells.
Rolfes V, Ribeiro LS, Hawwari I, Böttcher L, Rosero N, Maasewerd S, Santos MLS, Próchnicki T, Silva CMS, Wanderley CWS, Rothe M, Schmidt SV, Stunden HJ, Bertheloot D, Rivas MN, Fontes CJ, Carvalho LH, Cunha FQ, Latz E, Arditi M, Franklin BS
Cell reports 2020 May 12;31(6):107615
Cell reports 2020 May 12;31(6):107615
Single residue in CD28-costimulated CAR-T cells limits long-term persistence and antitumor durability.
Guedan S, Madar A, Casado-Medrano V, Shaw C, Wing A, Liu F, Young RM, June CH, Posey AD Jr
The Journal of clinical investigation 2020 Jun 1;130(6):3087-3097
The Journal of clinical investigation 2020 Jun 1;130(6):3087-3097
CAR T Cells Targeting MISIIR for the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer and Other Gynecologic Malignancies.
Rodriguez-Garcia A, Sharma P, Poussin M, Boesteanu AC, Minutolo NG, Gitto SB, Omran DK, Robinson MK, Adams GP, Simpkins F, Powell DJ Jr
Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 2020 Feb 5;28(2):548-560
Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 2020 Feb 5;28(2):548-560
TGF‑β induces periodontal ligament stem cell senescence through increase of ROS production.
Fan C, Ji Q, Zhang C, Xu S, Sun H, Li Z
Molecular medicine reports 2019 Oct;20(4):3123-3130
Molecular medicine reports 2019 Oct;20(4):3123-3130
EDAG promotes the expansion and survival of human CD34+ cells.
Zhao K, Zheng WW, Dong XM, Yin RH, Gao R, Li X, Liu JF, Zhan YQ, Yu M, Chen H, Ge CH, Ning HM, Yang XM, Li CY
PloS one 2018;13(1):e0190794
PloS one 2018;13(1):e0190794
Microglia innately develop within cerebral organoids.
Ormel PR, Vieira de Sá R, van Bodegraven EJ, Karst H, Harschnitz O, Sneeboer MAM, Johansen LE, van Dijk RE, Scheefhals N, Berdenis van Berlekom A, Ribes Martínez E, Kling S, MacGillavry HD, van den Berg LH, Kahn RS, Hol EM, de Witte LD, Pasterkamp RJ
Nature communications 2018 Oct 9;9(1):4167
Nature communications 2018 Oct 9;9(1):4167
A fully defined static suspension culture system for large-scale human embryonic stem cell production.
Li X, Ma R, Gu Q, Liang L, Wang L, Zhang Y, Wang X, Liu X, Li Z, Fang J, Wu J, Wang Y, Li W, Hu B, Wang L, Zhou Q, Hao J
Cell death & disease 2018 Aug 30;9(9):892
Cell death & disease 2018 Aug 30;9(9):892
Similarities and differences between helminth parasites and cancer cell lines in shaping human monocytes: Insights into parallel mechanisms of immune evasion.
Narasimhan PB, Akabas L, Tariq S, Huda N, Bennuru S, Sabzevari H, Hofmeister R, Nutman TB, Tolouei Semnani R
PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2018 Apr;12(4):e0006404
PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2018 Apr;12(4):e0006404
Nrf2 Inhibits Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell Apoptosis under Excessive Oxidative Stress.
Liu Y, Yang H, Wen Y, Li B, Zhao Y, Xing J, Zhang M, Chen Y
International journal of molecular sciences 2017 May 17;18(5)
International journal of molecular sciences 2017 May 17;18(5)
Increased expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in the population with obesity and insulin resistance.
Subramanian S, Pallati PK, Rai V, Sharma P, Agrawal DK, Nandipati KC
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 2017 Mar;25(3):527-538
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 2017 Mar;25(3):527-538
Etanercept-Synthesising Mesenchymal Stem Cells Efficiently Ameliorate Collagen-Induced Arthritis.
Park N, Rim YA, Jung H, Kim J, Yi H, Kim Y, Jang Y, Jung SM, Lee J, Kwok SK, Park SH, Ju JH
Scientific reports 2017 Jan 13;7:39593
Scientific reports 2017 Jan 13;7:39593
Renal Sodium Gradient Orchestrates a Dynamic Antibacterial Defense Zone.
Berry MR, Mathews RJ, Ferdinand JR, Jing C, Loudon KW, Wlodek E, Dennison TW, Kuper C, Neuhofer W, Clatworthy MR
Cell 2017 Aug 24;170(5):860-874.e19
Cell 2017 Aug 24;170(5):860-874.e19
A Member of the Nuclear Receptor Superfamily, Designated as NR2F2, Supports the Self-Renewal Capacity and Pluripotency of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
Zhu N, Wang H, Wang B, Wei J, Shan W, Feng J, Huang H
Stem cells international 2016;2016:5687589
Stem cells international 2016;2016:5687589
Tumor immune microenvironment characterization in clear cell renal cell carcinoma identifies prognostic and immunotherapeutically relevant messenger RNA signatures.
Şenbabaoğlu Y, Gejman RS, Winer AG, Liu M, Van Allen EM, de Velasco G, Miao D, Ostrovnaya I, Drill E, Luna A, Weinhold N, Lee W, Manley BJ, Khalil DN, Kaffenberger SD, Chen Y, Danilova L, Voss MH, Coleman JA, Russo P, Reuter VE, Chan TA, Cheng EH, Scheinberg DA, Li MO, Choueiri TK, Hsieh JJ, Sander C, Hakimi AA
Genome biology 2016 Nov 17;17(1):231
Genome biology 2016 Nov 17;17(1):231
Human adipose stem cell and ASC-derived cardiac progenitor cellular therapy improves outcomes in a murine model of myocardial infarction.
Davy PM, Lye KD, Mathews J, Owens JB, Chow AY, Wong L, Moisyadi S, Allsopp RC
Stem cells and cloning : advances and applications 2015;8:135-48
Stem cells and cloning : advances and applications 2015;8:135-48
A novel autosomal recessive TERT T1129P mutation in a dyskeratosis congenita family leads to cellular senescence and loss of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells not reversible by mTOR-inhibition.
Stockklausner C, Raffel S, Klermund J, Bandapalli OR, Beier F, Brümmendorf TH, Bürger F, Sauer SW, Hoffmann GF, Lorenz H, Tagliaferri L, Nowak D, Hofmann WK, Buergermeister R, Kerber C, Rausch T, Korbel JO, Luke B, Trumpp A, Kulozik AE
Aging 2015 Nov;7(11):911-27
Aging 2015 Nov;7(11):911-27
Vascular niche promotes hematopoietic multipotent progenitor formation from pluripotent stem cells.
Gori JL, Butler JM, Chan YY, Chandrasekaran D, Poulos MG, Ginsberg M, Nolan DJ, Elemento O, Wood BL, Adair JE, Rafii S, Kiem HP
The Journal of clinical investigation 2015 Mar 2;125(3):1243-54
The Journal of clinical investigation 2015 Mar 2;125(3):1243-54
Mesenchymal stromal cells form vascular tubes when placed in fibrin sealant and accelerate wound healing in vivo.
Mendez JJ, Ghaedi M, Sivarapatna A, Dimitrievska S, Shao Z, Osuji CO, Steinbacher DM, Leffell DJ, Niklason LE
Biomaterials 2015 Feb;40:61-71
Biomaterials 2015 Feb;40:61-71
Epithelial cell differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells in decellularized lung scaffolds.
Mendez JJ, Ghaedi M, Steinbacher D, Niklason LE
Tissue engineering. Part A 2014 Jun;20(11-12):1735-46
Tissue engineering. Part A 2014 Jun;20(11-12):1735-46
Aberrant expression of SALL4 in acute B cell lymphoblastic leukemia: mechanism, function, and implication for a potential novel therapeutic target.
Ueno S, Lu J, He J, Li A, Zhang X, Ritz J, Silberstein LE, Chai L
Experimental hematology 2014 Apr;42(4):307-316.e8
Experimental hematology 2014 Apr;42(4):307-316.e8
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Supportive validation
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- Staining of normal human peripheral blood cells with Mouse IgG1 K Isotype Control PE (Product # 12-4714-81) (blue histogram) or Anti-Human CD45 PE (purple histogram). Cells in the lymphocyte gate were used for analysis.
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- Knockout of CD45 was achieved by CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing using LentiArray™ Lentiviral sgRNA (Product # A32042, Assay ID CRISPR664203_LV) and LentiArray Cas9 Lentivirus (Product # A32064). Flow cytometry analysis of CD45 was performed by staining THP-1 CD45 Knock out cells with 0.25 µg Mouse IgG1 kappa Isotype Control (P3.6.2.8.1), PE, eBioscience™ (Product # 12-4714-82) or 0.25 µg CD45 Monoclonal Antibody (2D1), PE, eBioscience™ (Product # 12-9459-42, blue histogram). THP-1 Cas9 control cells were also stained with0.25 µg CD45 Monoclonal Antibody (2D1), PE, eBioscience™ (Product # 12-9459-42, pink histogram). Lossof signal was observed in the KOcells stained with CD45 antibody clone 2D1 but not in the control Cas9cells. Viable cells were used for analysis, as determined by Fixable Viability DyeeFluor™780 (Product # 65-0865-18).
- Conjugate
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- Main image
- Experimental details
- Staining of normal human peripheral blood cells with Mouse IgG1 K Isotype Control PE (Product # 12-4714-81) (blue histogram) or Anti-Human CD45 PE (purple histogram). Cells in the lymphocyte gate were used for analysis.
- Conjugate
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Supportive validation
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- Fig. 2 In silico validation of the immune cell scoring method. a In silico validation of immune cell scores using simulated mixing proportions. RNA-Seq profiles of FACS-sorted NK cells, macrophages, CD 4 + and CD 8 + T cells, and non-immune CD 45 - cells were mixed with known proportions to obtain a ""clean"" mixture. Noise was added at varying SNRs. Mixing levels were then inferred by ssGSEA from the ""clean"" and noisy mixtures. The Spearman correlations between the simulated and inferred levels ( top panel ) and the bootstrap p values for these correlation values ( bottom panel ) are shown on the y-axes (Additional file 1 : Figure S18 and "" Methods "" for the calculation of the bootstrap p values). b Validation of IIS with methylation-based leukocyte fractions. Spearman correlations between the two orthogonal scores are shown on the x-axis for 13 tumor types. c Validation of TIS with TCR beta chain abundance. Both scores are computationally inferred from RNA-Seq data but employ different approaches to measure T cell levels. Spearman correlations are shown on the x-axis for 19 tumor types
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- Figure 2. EV quantification and cell origin in association with HIV. Purified plasma EVs fromuninfected (Control, n = 8) and HIV+ patients (n = 17) were stained with the lipophilic fluorescent tracer dye DiD to count total vesicles ( Figure 2A and B ), then labeled with antibodies directed against receptors CD45 ( Figure 2C and D ), CD4 ( Figure 2E and F ), and CD8 ( Figure 2 G and H ) to evaluate cell origin by cytofluorometry. Asterisks denote significant difference (** P
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- FIGURE 1 Characterization of young and aged MSCs and exosomes. (A) Surface marker profiling of young-MSCs and aged-MSCs. (B) SA-beta-Gal staining showed that senescence increased significantly in aged MSCs. (C) Representative immunoblot images and quantitative analysis of p21, p53, and p16 protein level in young and aged-MSCs. ( n = 3). (D) Quantitation of cell cycle phases by propidium iodide staining. ( n = 3). (E) The CCK-8 assay showed that aged MSCs grew more slowly than young MSCs. ( n = 6). (F) Young and aged exosomes were observed using TEM. (G) The exosome surface markers were analyzed by Western blot. (H) Nanoparticle tracking analysis was used to analyze the particle size and concentration of Young-Exo and Aged-Exo. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001; NS, not significant.
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- Figure 1 Culture and identification of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. (A) Light microscopy of BMSCs (scale bar=100 um for the left image and 200 um for the right image). (B) Percentage of CD34-, CD45-, CD73-, CD90- and CD105-positive BMSCs were detected by flow cytometry. BMSC, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell.
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- Figure 1. Morphology and immune phenotype of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were identified by morphological observation and flow cytometry. (a) Morphology of the primary (P1) and third passage (P3) of ADSCs. Images were acquired at 200x magnification. (b) Immune phenotype of ADSCs. The average data from three independent experiments were shown as mean +- standard deviation
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- Fig. 4 oMG expressed microglia-characteristic cell surface markers and showed similar functional immune and phagocytic properties as adult MG. a Flow cytometric analyses of the expression pattern of microglial extracellular markers on CD11b+-gated oMG (oMG 1, 3, and 5) compared to adult MG derived from three separate brain regions from adult MG1.1. (eight organoids were pooled per donor (oMG 1, 3, and 5) after 52 days in culture). b Morphology of magnetic automated cell sorted CD11b+ oMG 1 and adult MG in bright field microscope after 1 week in culture. Scale bar 40 mum. c mRNA expression, determined by qRT-PCR, of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL6 and IL1B after 6 h stimulation with LPS was significantly higher in oMG compared to adult MG (Mann-Whitney test IL6 and IL1B: U = 0, n = 4, p = 0.03). LPS-stimulated response relative to control condition without LPS. ( n = 4 experiments, eight organoids pooled per experiment; adult MG1.1) (* p < 0.05). d Anti-inflammatory response of oMG and adult MG was compared by qRT-PCR for expression of anti-inflammatory genes CD163 and MRC1 upon 72 h stimulation with dexamethasone. Dexamethasone-stimulated response relative to control condition without dexamethasone. (oMG, n = 3 separate experiments in which oMG were isolated from > 4 pooled cerebral organoids from iPSC 1 per experiment; adult MG, n = 4). e Phagocytosis capacity was tested oMG 1 and adult MG by performing a phagocytosis assay with iC3b-coated green-yellow
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- 01 Figure S1 Isotype control for TREM-1 and TREM-2 expression in monocytes and neutrophils of the study subjects. Cell phenotype was performed using anti-human antibodies and isotypes for monocytes (CD45+, CD14+, HLA-DR+) represented in figure A and neutrophils (CD45+, CD16+) in figure B. A) The representative figures for isotype control for monocytes gating; live monocytes were gated from FSC/SSC gating. Then CD45+ were gated using the basal level of CD45 Isotype and analyzed for CD14 and HLA-DR expression with respective CD14 and HLA-DR Isotypes. The double positive populations (CD14+ HLA-DR+) were further gated for expression of TREM-1+ and TREM-2+ using the basal level of TREM-1 and TREM-2 Isotypes. B) The representative figures for Isotype control for neutrophils gating; live granulocytes were gated from FSC/SSC gating. Then CD45+ were gated using the basal level of CD45 Isotype and analyzed for CD16 expression using the basal level of CD16 Isotype. CD16+ populations were further gated for expression of TREM-1 and TREM-2 using the basal level of TREM-1 and TREM-2 Isotypes. Figure S2 Hematoxylin and Eosin staining for fatty liver grading and inflammation. H & E in biopsy samples of SO - D - , SO + D - and SO + D + groups respectively in liver (images Aa, Ab & Ac), omental fat (images Ba, Bb & Bc) and subcutaneous fat (images Ca, Cb & Cc). Liver biopsy samples showed steatosis in SO + D - and fibrosis and cirrhosis in SO + D + groups. Size of the adipocyte was larger in su
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- Figure 1. Characterization of PDLSCs. (A) PDL cell clusters exhibited radiating or whirlpool-like morphology. The central structure in this image is a fragment of PDL tissue. Scale bar, 200 mum (B) CD146 + PDLSCs were small, round, fusiform and triangular. Scale bar, 100 mum. (C) PDLSCs were positive for the stem cell markers CD44, CD90 and CD105, but negative for CD34 and CD45, as detected by flow cytometry. PDL, periodontal ligament; PDLSCs, PDL stem cells.
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- Fig 3 Cancer cell lines and mf significantly upregulates the cell surface expressions of PDL1, PDL2, CD206 and VCAM-1 on human monocytes. Human monocytes were cultured in media alone, or with CMFDA-labeled three different cancer cell lines (MDA, OVCAR, U87), or with live mf of Brugia malayi for 48hr. Cells were harvested and cell surface expression PDL1, PDL2, CD206, VCAM-1, and CD163 was measured using flow cytometry gated on CD45 + /CMFDA - monocytes. (A) One representative set (n = 15) of flow histograms demonstrating cell surface expression in unexposed human monocytes and after exposure to mf or different cancer cell lines. (B). The data are expressed as the geometric mean with 95% confidence interval of the mean fluorescent intensity of unexposed and exposed monocytes ( n = 15). * P< 0.05, ** P< 0.005.
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- Fig. 4 Comparison of MSCs derived from 2D-hESCs and 3D-hESCs. a The morphology of 2D- and 3D-hESC-MSCs at different stages of differentiation. b Flow cytometry analysis revealed specific MSC surface markers (CD44, CD29, and CD105) with negative controls (CD34, CD19, and CD45) in 2D- and 3D-hESC-MSCs. c Immunostaining of differentiated 3D-hESC-MSCs expressing an adipocyte marker (FABP-4), osteocytes maker (osteocalcin), and chondrocytes marker (aggrecan)
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